Abortion (or Pro Life) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Abortion (or Pro Life) - Essay Example both from sociological and general psychological perspectives, however, an act of abortion is considered immoral and such consideration often tend to condemn women for their consent to abortion as a criminal act. According to the general humanist approach, killing or destruction of life is considered as the most heinous form of crime, which should strictly be condemned by communal and legal efforts. Keeping in accordance with the same approach, killing of an unborn life through abortion has received a great deal of criticism from people in different times at various parts of the world. It is interesting to observe that most of such criticisms are based on the basic principles of morality and ethics. At the same time, the social stature of women in a patriarchal society, which is derogatory and also is held responsible for resulting in different forms of immorality, also has received a dimension of interpretation. The modern feminist and humanist approaches, compared to the earlier times have adopted quite a liberal attitude towards abortion by emphasizing on the fact that women often consent to the execution of the inhuman process in order to retain their position and conventional social dig nity, as they are mere subjects of oppression in the hands of patriarchal society. However, despite the fact that there is certain truth behind such observation, but, keeping a close watch over recent times and analyzing the actuality behind acts of abortion, it will not be an exaggeration if it is argued that using those feminist and humanist approaches as shields of sympathy, women often consent to abortion and try to cover the act of moral wrong under pretention that due to social and cultural oppression they actually have been bound to confine themselves under such situation of performing immortal acts. Thesis Statement: The issue of abortion, within its scope encompasses a twofold problem, namely, the plight of women, confined within the hands of patriarchal social

Life to the fullest must have the presence Essay Example for Free

Life to the fullest must have the presence Essay Living life to the fullest must have the presence of forgiveness as well as forgetting. Forgiveness is a conscious choice, a spiritual and physical act involving the will, a sensation or suit of feeling, an emotional state of being for letting go of the past. Try to imagine how happy we can be if we know how to forget bitter happenings in our lives. Having a feeling towards everything is fine, it seems so convincing to live great. Indeed to forgive is hard and difficult, but we must. It is a conscious choice, a spiritual and physical act involving the will, a sensation or suit of feeling, an emotional state of being for letting go of the past. Having a big pride will make you feel bad. God said, â€Å"Do unto to others as you would have them do unto to you. It would be very hard for one to forgive someone who has done so much wrong and leaped so much suffering on them. It is important that we forgive so that one can move on with his life and have a chance for a happier future. In the book NIGHT, a boy named Elie faced all of these hardships and people always asked him whether to forgive or not despite of all the pain, the sufferings, and challenges he had experienced? But Elie must forgive because GOD said that everyone should forgive one another, no matter what the circumstances are, hence, mobilizing us to find peace and serenity every single day of our lives. Nothing will bother us especially our inner sides. When someone else causes us emotional harm, whether intentional or not, learning to let go of this pain can be one of the most difficult transitions we would have to go through but it will enable us to live life, one which is free from worry and burden. Acknowledge that youre living in real time carrying the baggage of old time. And then let go of it. Based on the book, The Purpose Driven Life by Rick Warren: Your past is your past, nothing can change it. You are only hurting yourself with your bitterness. The persons who have hurt you in the pass cannot continue to hurt you now unless you hold on the memories through resentment. Forgiving and forgetting is not a gradual one, it undergoes a process. How does one forget awful memories? How would one handle the situation if he/she is in too much pain? Can one ever forgive or relieve the bad memories that been caused by somebody? First, find a place where you can have a peace of mind, a quiet and a comfortable place. Sit down in a comfortable chair and close your eyes, even though it is painful and embarrassing, give some time to think what you are wishing to forget. Then, visualize a black and white picture of the situation that you are trying to forget. Afterwards, look on the illusionary replica of an experienced you hate the most. As you were looking to that picture, begin to tear it on your imagination until it turned tiny pieces where you can barely see it. Lastly, blow it away, ask if you were blowing small pieces of dust, so you know that the little speck is already gone away, and no one will ever see it. Fortunately, we are ending up forgetting the incident and forgiving the people behind the fear that circulated in their system so they could live a better life-a life without bitterness. Even the act of forgiving is difficult, forgive our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. Forgiveness may takes a lot of time, it may not easily come, it involves patience and a lengthy struggle just to reach that, because it affects the relationships that need to be work in order to reach the total completeness of forgiving. Always remember where we stand. To refuse it is to refuse God. There is no other exception. God means what He says. To forgive is hard, but we must do it at any cost.

Human Resource Activities at McDonalds

Human Resource Activities at McDonalds Under this recruitment and selection policy, each restaurant is responsible to recruit hourly paid Positions and management recruitment department in East Finchley, London co-ordinates for recruiting the manager positions. McDonalds UK has own recruitment team who initially invite applicants for interview by assessing the online base exam. This team is working efficiently to find out right people with right skill at right time. McDonalds uses best method to fill their current vacancies such as Crew Member, Customer Care Assistant, Manager, etc. All vacancies are advertised on their own website, www.mcdcareers.co.uk . Also it recruits people by the help of local job centre and agencies. People, who interest to a particular position, have to create an account on this website after that by searching suitable vacancies he/she can apply by initial online psychometric test. This test procedure is an initial score. Person who cannot access the internet for them McDonalds has direct hotline. In this process suitable applicants are sent e-mail for interview and OJE (on job evaluation) at that restaurant where applicant applied. This assessment is being assessed for two days by Business Manager. Candidate, who successfully completes the OJE, is invited for final interview after that Manager decides whether or not to hire the applicant. Then all the successful applicants are invited for induction. On the day of induction person have to show documents that s/he is allow working in the UK according to Asylum and immigration Act 1996. And on this day employees are shown some video slide regarding McDonalds, which are given bellow. Job roles Food hygiene and safety training Policies and procedure Employee Benefits Training and development After that new employee are sent to restaurant to meet with trainee. McDonalds operates three weeks probationary period. In this time employees are assessed according to performance and are either retain or have their employment terminated. Objectives of Recruitments and Selection McDonalds recruits dynamic and talent people to meet with customers satisfaction and keep their reputation at high position. To fill up vacancies for running business. To ensure equal opportunity. Motivation and Employee benefits People are important resource of an organisation. Motivation is a process by which employees are influenced to achieve the organisational objectives. Nowadays experienced managers realise that financial reward cannot be the only kind of motivation because some people like money, some like personality. Management of McDonalds emphasise on three components to motivate the people such as financial, non financial encourage, and social policy. Maslows motivation theory includes all this factors. Maslow states that all the needs must be fulfilled one after another. McDonalds allows the all employees to participate in the decision making and Restaurant Manager select the employee of the month by assessing performance of the employee in a month then s/he is rewarded  £25. Also Manager inspires employees for working fast. Employee benefits are given below: Saving with employee discount: All employees get discount on purchase from over 1600 retailers in the UK. Maternity leave/Pay. Open door policy: Committed to all employees so they enjoy career with McDonalds. Crew room PC and internet facility. Every one opinion is valued. Objectives of Motivation To achieve the organisational goals. To get best service from employee. To recognise the performance of employee. Training and Development Each restaurant of McDonalds promises to deliver high standards of service and cleanliness to customers. Management of McDonalds believe that well trained employee can deliver these standards. McDonalds provides comprehensive training program for all employees. It allows the merit based promotion. Welcome meeting is the first stage of training. At restaurant crew trainers work shoulder to shoulder with trainees while they learn the operational skill necessary for running each of the 11 work starting in each restaurant, from the front counter to the grill area. All employees are developed by the effective training so that they can serve the customers quickly, operate equipments and learn McDonalds operational procedure. Most of the training at McDonalds is floor based or on job training because this procedure is very effective to develop them. People learn more and more likely retain information if they physically. McDonalds provides an initial training periods for all new employee, h ere every employee learn how they can develop their skills. Also it has effective crew development program. Also it has e-learning system for all employees. For e-learning employee can access www.ourlounge.co.uk. This company provides management develop program which are divided into four: a) Shift Management, b) System Management, c) Restaurant Leadership, d) Business Most departments in the regional office offer restaurant managers opportunities to second to work in the regional office. This gives experienced manager the opportunity to develop and learn new skills. Objectives of Training and Development To improve the performance of employee. To integrated with human resource management practice. To meet with current change. How human resource activities are achieved McDonalds achieves the above mentioned activities by its experienced, talent and dynamic restaurant managers. Still recruitment process of McDonalds is best in fast food world because of on job evaluation. Moreover, McDonalds provides on job training to develop the employees and allow equal opportunity to all employees for achieving the organisational goal. Theoretical models of human resource management Human resource strategy is generally behaviour based. There are lots of human resource models associated with such processes: The Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna model The Harvard Model The Warwick model Guests model etc The Fombrun, Tchy and Devanna model of HRM This earliest human resource management model is developed by Fombrun et al (1984). This model emphasizes the interrelatedness and the coherence of human resource management activities. In this model there are four key components: selection, appraisal, development and reward (Fig: 1). these four human resource management activities aims to increase the organisational performance. This model has been criticised as being too simplistic because it only focuses on four components. It also ignores stake holder interest, situational factors and notion of managements strategic choice. McDonalds follows all activities of this model to get best performance from employees. But McDonalds considers other factors, such as situational factor, stake holder interest and so on, to keep their position at top. The Harvard model This model was developed by Beer, Spector, Lawrence, Mills and Walton in 1984. This model contains six components; stakeholders interests, Situational factors, Human resource management policy choices, Human resource outcomes, Long term consequences and a feedback loop (Fig: 2). Stakeholder interest can persuade the employee performance. Situational factors are environmental factors which influence managements choice of human resource strategy. HRM policy choices emphasises that managements decisions and action take into account both constraints and choices. HR outcome identifies specific employee behaviours which are considered desirable including commitment and high individual performance leading to cost-effective products or services. There is a basic assumption that human being possess talents that are really used at work and that they show a desire experience growth through work. Long term consequences take three perspectives into account: The individual well being Organisational effectiveness Social well being The feedback loop reflects how HRM policy choices are affected by stakeholder interest and environmental factors and how both are influenced by HR outcomes. This model has gained some popularity in the UK but also some criticism in that it identifies desirable HR outcomes that may not have universal appeal as they generally assume an American view of success. Task 2 HR planning and development Traditional definitions and approaches to man power planning tended to delimit and define it as a central personnel activity which attempts to reconcile an organisations need for labour with available supply in local and international labour markets. In essence, manpower planners initially seek to estimate their current and future employment needs and, like the analogy sometimes made with the practice of navigation, uses scientific method in applying his knowledge and skills. Within the limit of equipment available, in order to establish first his position and then his best possible course and speed, with a view to arriving at a chosen destination by the most suitable route. (Smith 1976 : 16). Every organisation have own model for human resource planning and development. Strategy planning model is very important to keep the organisation reputation at best place and meet with the organisational goals. Here I would like to write about the planning models of a McDonalds restaurant. The basic HR planning model Here in this model (Fig: 3) steps 1 and 5 is strategic human resource planning. Restaurant Manager plans to achieve the organisational objectives. Under this model manager forecast and analyze feasible. And steps 2, 3 and 4 is operational human resource planning such as requirements of human resource and human resource program are designed around what organisational goal. This program analyzes the effectiveness and efficiency of initiatives managed by the human resource department including compensation, benefits, training, staffing etc. In McDonalds restaurant employees are very happy with various benefits example for employee discount card, holyday payment and so on. This model is very effective because all planning is designed for achieving organisational objectives. According to this model manager can analyze on probability of future requirements. The best fit HR planning model This model (Fig: 3) involves on new product line, developing staff, recruitment to meet with new objectives of organisation. McDonalds every year opening new branches in the UK. Managers of McDonalds may apply this planning model to perform their human resource activities. This is the unique planning model for human resource management, which covers all activities from installation of an organisation to its objectives. This model is very effective model for long term and short term human resource planning because it discuss on labour requirement, availability and feasibility. Forecasting demand and supply model In some cases demand and supply of human resources can be forecasted. Here demand means the number and character (abilities, pay levels and skills) of employees needed for a particular job, a particular time and a particular place. Human resource supply means the number of people who are available for particular job. In terms of McDonalds, there are lots of international student are working as a part-time employee. After finishing their study some students leave the UK and some students get post study work permit that is why McDonalds has employee turnover like other organisation. For this reason administration of McDonalds takes strategic planning to reduce employee turnover and recruit employees. According to demand forecasting administration predicts who will leave the job and create vacancies, which job will be eliminated and which one will be created. This model is very effective, if any organisation follows this model, it will not face with any problem about employee shorter. McDonalds may use this model that is why it can fill up vacancy at right time with right skills. Task 3 Performance Performance management is a part of human resource function and one of the key processes that helps the employees know that their contribution are recognised. Performance management is continues process of communication between supervisor and employee that occurs throughout the year, in support of accomplishing the organisational goals. This process includes clarifying expectation, setting goals, identifying goals, providing feedback and evaluating result. HR performance management at McDonalds Restaurant McDonalds has effective motivation system to improve the employees performance. At McDonalds restaurant performance management are operated by restaurant manager. In each restaurant manager is responsible for monitoring employees performance. This process is continues throughout the year, restaurant manager select employee of the month according to employees performance within a month. After that, employee of the month is awarded by restaurant manager. And he/she is given  £ 25 reward. And manager selects employee of the quarter. Then employee progress to operation manager. Moreover, manager arranges CSO (customer satisfaction opportunity) competition among different teams within the restaurant and among restaurant as well for monitoring performance. Furthermore, overall performance of restaurant is monitored by GAPbuster on monthly basis. Here, GAPbuster is a person who has good knowledge in the field of customer experienced management. In each month GAPbuster visits restaurant as a customer to check quality of food, how friendly the employee, accuracy of service, service time and cleanliness. According to these points GApbuster scores to the restaurant. This process is very effective because all employees within this organisation try to do best to be employee of the month and managers are always monitor the performance of staff to get 100 percent score from GAPbuster. Being a Crew Member of McDonalds, I know that manager and supervisor always communicate with all employees to know about their needs. In restaurant we work together as a team and manager always gives hands to any employee. In my opinion, if this process was weekly basis, performance of employees would be better than the current process. Conclusion Being a Crew Member of McDonalds restaurant in Archway, London, I found some positive activities such as employee relation, recruitment process, training system, motivation system and team work, at restaurant, which may keep the McDonalds at top position. Managers are very friendly with employees to solve any difficulty in work. Manager shares all things with the employees by arranged regular basis meeting. And restaurant manager wish the birth day to all employees and arrange party on various occasions. In short manager to Crew all work together to get customers satisfactions and achieve the organisational goals. Recommendation McDonalds always tries to do best for its employees. Yet, I have some recommendations regarding human resource management in McDonalds restaurant. It is seen that most of the restaurant managers have no first degree. McDonalds should recruit people, who have at least first degree on business management for manager post. Moreover, In the UK based McDonalds restaurant, employees ages less than 22 are given  £ 4.87 per hour and age 22+ are given  £5.82 per hour but all employees contribute same for McDonalds. My last recommendation, all employees should be given same wages.

The Signigicance of the Scaffold Scenes in the Scarlet Letter Essay

The Signigicance of the Scaffold Scenes in the Scarlet Letter The three scaffold scenes bring great significance to the plot of the Scarlet Letter. The novel is based on repenting the sins of adultery. The scaffold represents a place of shame and pity but also of final triumphs. Each scene illustrates the importance of the scaffold behind them with many potent similarities and differences. In the first scaffold scene Hester Prynne is depicted standing alone while clutching her baby. She has been sentenced to the scaffold for three hours to face public condemnation. In the Puritan society, where this novel is set, public shame is a source of entertainment. On this occasion the townspeople are present to watch the judgment of Hester. As the townspeople are ridiculing her, the narrator is praising Hester for her untamed but lady like beauty (60-61). The narrator goes so far as to compare her to â€Å"Divine Maternity† or Mother Mary, the ideal woman, the woman that is looked highly upon by the whole Puritan society (63). However, the conditions are set up to show the change in Hester due to isolation and discredit of the Puritan society. Throughout this scene the Puritans are condemning Hester for her sin as the narrator is condemning the Puritans for their severity. Many years later, in desperation for a remedy to cure his tortured soul, the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale takes to the scaffold where Hester had once suffered her shame. He is envious of the public nature of her ...

Avian Influenza Essay

Avian Influenza, also known as bird flu, is a zoonotic disease with several different subtypes that affect mostly other birds, but few can be transmitted to humans. The most prevalent avian influenza virus in humans is the highly pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus, which has caused over 380 confirmed cases in 15 countries (Rabinowitz, 2010). Majority of cases have been transmitted via bird-to-human, with rare cases of human-to-human transmission. Continued exposure to the virus not only poses the threat of ongoing morbidity and mortality, but also the threat of H5N1 being able to adapt and change allowing sustained human-to-human transmission. (Rabinowitz, 2010). Human exposure to H5N1 begins with the natural host for the virus, wild birds, which is then transmitted to domestic birds, and then finally reaching humans as a host. Starting with wild birds, most commonly waterfowl, the virus lives in the intestines and is shed through fecal matter, saliva, and nasal secretions. Most wild birds are resistant to infections associated with avian influenza A. Wild birds are exposed to the virus when they come into contact with contaminated nasal, respiratory, or fecal material from infected birds, most commonly fecal to oral transmission (Korteweg & Gu, 2010). Transmission to domestic birds, mainly poultry, can occur with direct contact with infected birds or indirect exposure through contaminated dirt, cages, water, and feed. Domestic birds have little to no resistance to the virus and suffer serious health issues, often resulting in death (Influenza Viruses, 2005). In the case a human is infected with H5N1, transmission routes are either through direct contact or indirect contact. Direct contact consists of people holding, catching, hunting, or playing with unknowingly infected birds. Slaughtering, defeathering, processing and preparing poultry for consumption are other ways a person can be infected through direct contact. Examples of indirect contact are touching contaminated surfaces and materials, swimming in or washing with contaminated water, living and working in areas with contaminated air, or ingesting the active virus in contaminated food (Rabinowitz, 2010). There is little evidence supporting human-to-human transmission and few cases have been confirmed. From what is known, intimate and close contact with infected individuals are possible routes of transmission (Avian Influenza A, 2005). The potential for H5N1 to develop into a strain easily transmissible from person to person in a sustained matter poses as a threat for a possible pandemic infection (Influenza Viruses, 2005). Signs and symptoms associated with H5N1 are much like those of the more common seasonal flu virus; fever, headache, sore throat, cough and rhinitis. Other symptoms include conjunctivitis, gastrointestinal complications, shortness of breath, lower respiratory problems, rhinorrhea, myalgia, diarrhea, leukopenia, lymphophenia, impaired liver function, renal impairment, and prolonged blood clotting (Apisarnthanarak, 2004). As of March 2011, over 530 confirmed human cases of H5N1 have been found in 15 countries since 2003 (WHO image 1), 85% occurring within Asian countries. Countries with the highest prevalence rates are Vietnam, Egypt, and Indonesia. Median age of those infected is 18 years old (Korteweg & Gu, 2010). A contributing behavioral factor associated with the disease being more prevalent in children and young adults is the age groups participation in the slaughter, defeathering and cooking of poultry (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). H5N1 had not been seen in humans prior to 1997, first presenting itself in China. The virus was then seen again in humans in 2003, in Vietnam and again in China. By 2007, H5N1 had spread to Cambodia, Indonesia, Azerbaijan, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Turkey, Laos, Myanmar, Nigeria and Pakistan (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). The following public health organizations have been working closely together to track and control recent outbreaks: World Health Organization (WHO), Organization for Animal Health (OIE), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). WHO has been responsible for providing recent data and statistics regarding H5N1 in humans. Avian Influenza is covered by GAR, WHO’s Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network, which is responsible for monitoring and keeping surveillance on the disease. OIE is responsible for reporting recent data relating specifically o outbreaks of avian influenza in animals. FAO, working collaboratively with OIE and WHO, â€Å"sets the context for national and regional strategies, policies, programs and projects designed to control and prevent the disease (Strategy and Policy)† from spreading. According to a study by Smallman-Raynor and Cliff (2008), fatality rates for H5N1 are greater than 50% in observed cases, which is mu ch higher than the common flu virus. The virus has spread to over fifty countries on three continents, being labeled as a panzootic disease (animal disease equivalent to a pandemic in humans). H5N1 first crossed species barriers to humans in 1997 and has extended its host range to several other mammals, causing severe disease and death. An approach to control the spread of this disease amongst birds has been culling of exposed birds, quarantine and disinfecting. However, Avian Influenza continues to spread due in part to migratory birds becoming infected (Smallman-Raynor & Cliff, 2008). The virus’s ability to evolve poses as threat and is currently classified by WHO at Phase 3 of the global pandemic alert for influenza.

Australia is physically and culturally unique

Australia’s multicultural attitude respects all cultures and races. Australia’s government is amazing because it was federated and democratic. Its climate varies throughout Australia because of its size. Australia is a truly fascinating continent/country/island. Its uniqueness is due to its flora with its many different plants. Its fauna and its many creatures only found in Australia. Australia’s lifestyle is also sought after because it can’t be found anywhere else. Also it landscape is almost unpredictable and also classifies Australia as a continent, country, and island. Its final asset is its development and technology, since Australia is a major contributor to medical studies and are leaders in sports technology. Now that you know briefly why Australia is unique, the rest of this report will elaborate further on them. Australia has a unique climate. It sits in many climate zones because of its large size. These zones include tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, and sub-temperate. Most of Australia has four seasons, summer, autumn, winter, and spring, in other places it is two seasons and they are the wet and dry seasons. From blistering hot temperatures in Darwin to below zero temperatures in Hobart, Australia’s climate is one of many things that make Australia unique. Next in line is Australia’s landscape. Australia has many different terrains from forests to deserts and this is also because of its large size. The edge of Australia is mostly green except for the western coast; the rest of Australia is mainly dry and arid. Australia’s shape, size, and location also make it a continent, country, and also an island. The flora in Australia is truly amazing. Australia has a wide range of flora, like bottle brushes, waratahs, and eucalyptus trees. All the plants mentioned are unique to Australia, with many more that haven’t been mentioned. These plants are also important to Australia’s fauna for habitat and food. These plants also make Australia a colourful and beautiful place. As mentioned in the above paragraph, Australian fauna is important to Australia. The creatures unique to Australia are the kangaroos, wallabies, wombats, emus, koalas, kookaburras, etc. If u look on the Australian emblem u should see two animals unique to Australia, the emu and the kangaroo. Australian lifestyle is well sought after. It is sought after because of the easy going, laid back nature of all Australians. Everyone seems to be happy and enjoying life while in America everyone is stressed and working very hard. The Australian lifestyle also involves the great outdoors. The dominant male is at the BBQ cooking shrimp and steak holding a VB while a game of cricket is going on in the background. These points make the Australian lifestyle favourable. The reason the Australian lifestyle is as it is now is because of its government. Australia originally had 6 colonies until it was federated in 1900. Since then Australia has improved and has learnt from past mistakes. The Australian government makes sure that all cultures and races are accepted as equals, which makes it a multicultural government. This brings us to the next point, multiculturalism. Australia is unique because it is one of the few countries where all cultures and races are respected for who they are and treated as equals. This makes Australia an ideal country to travel to for non-white people because it guarantees that they would be treated fairly while in this country. Australia is pretty significant when it comes to development and technology. Australia are major contributors to medical research especially in the cancer research section. Australians are also leaders in sports technology, mainly to do with rugby, cricket, and AFL. This makes Australia ideal for people interested in sports and cancer research. The following reasons above make me strongly believe that Australia is a unique country. To live in this amazing country is a privilege and should be respected because of it is a one of a kind country, and is confirmed in the above paragraphs.